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<ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Sigmoid colon biopsies shows evidence of reduction in the number of ganglion cells associated with hypertrophy of nerves of the submucosal plexus (Meissner's plexus) and the myenteric plexus (Auerbach's plexus). No evidence of specific granulomas. No evidence of atypia or malignancy. Picture is consistent with hypoganglionic segment.</li></ul><p class="ql-align-justify"><br></p><ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Intact rectal mucosa mildly infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. There is complete absence of ganglion cells of the submucosal plexus (Meissner's plexus). There is associated moderate hypertrophy of nerves. Picture is consistent with aganglionic segment (Hirschsprung's disease). No evidence of atypia or malignancy.</li></ul><p class="ql-align-justify"><br></p><ul><li>Upper rectal biopsy is superficial with absence if sub mucosa, hence assessment could not be done.</li></ul>
<p class="ql-align-justify">A 2-month-old male patient presenting with a suspected diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease, who presented to the emergency room with severe constipation, abdominal distension, and vomiting, and subsequently underwent an exploratory laparotomy to obtain serial intestinal biopsies for definitive histopathological evaluation.</p>
<p>Four specimens were received:</p><p><br></p><ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Specimen 1 & 2: Received a specimen labeled “sigmoid colon” measuring 7.5 × 2 × 1.5 cm with attached mesenteric fat. The specimen shows no obvious or gross mass. On sectioning, it has a grey cut surface. The specimen was marked by 1 denoting proximal and 2 denoting distal.</li></ul><p class="ql-align-justify"><br></p><ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Specimen 3: Upper rectal biopsy: Received a single piece of soft tissue measuring 1 × 0.5 × 0.3 cm, greyish in color.</li></ul><p class="ql-align-justify"><br></p><ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Specimen 4: Lower rectal biopsy: Received a single, small piece of soft tissue measuring 0.8 × 0.4 × 0.3 cm, greyish in color.</li></ul>
<p><strong><em><u>Sigmoid Biopsy: </u></em></strong></p><ul><li><strong>Hypoganglionic segment.</strong></li><li><strong>Negative for malignancy .</strong></li></ul><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><strong><em><u>Lower Rectum, Biopsy: </u></em></strong></p><ul><li><strong>Aganglionic segment (Hirschsprung's disease) with nerve bundles hypertrophy.</strong></li><li><strong>Negative for malignancy .</strong></li></ul><p><strong><em><u>Upper Rectum, Biopsy: </u></em></strong></p><ul><li><strong>Superficial material, assessment could not established .</strong></li></ul>
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